Milestone Chart for 13-18 Months

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Child's Age	Mastered Skills (most kids can do)	Emerging Skills (half of kids can do)	Advanced Skills (a few kids can do)
13 months	• Uses two words skillfully (e.g., "hi" and "bye") • Bends over and picks up an object	• Enjoys gazing at his reflection • Holds out arm or leg to help you dress him	• Combines words and gestures to make needs known • Rolls a ball back and forth
14 months	• Eats with fingers • Empties containers of contents • Imitates others	• Toddles well • Initiates games • Points to one body part when asked • Responds to instructions (e.g., "give me a kiss")	• Uses a spoon or fork • Matches lids with appropriate containers • Pushes and pulls toys while walking
15 months	• Plays with ball • Uses three words regularly • Walks backward	• Scribbles with a crayon • Runs • Adopts "no" as his favorite word	• "Helps" around the house • Puts his fingers to his mouth and says "shhh"
16 months	• Turns the pages of a book • Has temper tantrums when frustrated • Becomes attached to a soft toy or other object	• Discovers the joy of climbing • Stacks three blocks • Uses spoon or fork • Learns the correct way to use common objects (e.g., the telephone)	• Takes off one piece of clothing by himself • Gets finicky about food • Switches from two naps to one
17 months	• Uses six words regularly • Enjoys pretend games • Likes riding toys	• Feeds doll • Speaks more clearly • Throws a ball underhand	• Dances to music • Sorts toys by color, shape, or size • Kicks ball forward
18 months	• Will "read" board books on his own • Scribbles well	• Strings two words together in phrases • Brushes teeth with help • Stacks four blocks	• Throws a ball overhand • Takes toys apart and puts them back together • Shows signs of toilet training readiness

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Play : Why It's So Important

Is play necessary for development?

Absolutely. Play is crucial for your child's social, emotional, physical, and cognitive growth. It's your child's way of learning about her body and the world, and she'll use all five senses to do it.

What does this feel like when I touch it? What does this sound like when I squeeze it? What will happen if I push this or pull that? Climb on this?

Exploration is the heart of play, and in your child's mind any experiment counts, even hurling a bowl of cereal off the highchair tray. Development experts are fond of saying that play is the work of children (and cleaning up after play seems to be the work of parents).

Now that your child is a toddler, her play will become more imaginative and complex. Through play, she'll exercise key skills and qualities, such as independence, creativity, curiosity, and problem-solving. It can also be an important place to explore feelings and values and develop social skills. Long before your child feels comfortable sharing her favorite toy with her sister, she may offer it to a doll. Her first spontaneous "please" and "thank you" may slip out at an imaginary tea party. And what parent can resist wasting a perfectly good bandage the first time her child says her teddy got hurt?

What types of play are best for my child?

It depends on the stage of development. Since play is the tool your child uses to learn about the world, the skills she's working on right now are your biggest clues to choosing the best activities. For instance, if your 12-month-old is exploring cause and effect, play a simple version of hide-and-seek under tables and chairs. If at 20 months she's obsessed with climbing stairs, find a set where she can practice under your watchful eye.

Here are some guidelines for the types of play your child may be most interested in at different stages, according to Catherine Marchant, a play therapist at Wheelock College in Boston:

Social play
Interacting with you and others is important throughout the first year. Infants like to smile, look, and laugh. Older babies enjoy games such as peekaboo and itsy-bitsy spider.

Object play
Touching, banging, mouthing, throwing, pushing, and otherwise experimenting with things is fascinating for the 4- to 10-month-old set.

Functional and representational play
Pretending to use familiar objects in an appropriate way — pushing a toy lawn mower over the grass, or calling Grandma with a hairbrush, for instance — is the height of fun for 12- to 21-month-olds as their imaginations begin to blossom.

Early symbolic play
This type of play, common around the age of 2, creates something out of nothing. Your child might play with a shoebox as if it were a school bus, complete with motor noises, for example, or pretend to eat a plastic ring, insisting it's a doughnut.

Role play
Around 30 to 36 months your little actor will begin taking on new roles. Playing doctor, teacher, or mommy is common now.

How can I make the most of my child's playtime?

Try these suggestions:

Think of playtime as more than toy time. Playing is really any enjoyable activity that involves people, objects, or movement. Everything from blowing bubbles at each other to singing songs to splashing in the tub to chasing each other around the room qualifies. If you've ever seen a 1-year-old enthralled with a cardboard box, you understand how wide the parameters are.

Play along with your child. You're the ultimate plaything, and any activity will seem more fun if your toddler can share it with you. Talk to her while you play and you'll help boost her language skills.

Introduce play activities when your child is happy and rested, suggests Marilyn Segal, a developmental psychologist and author of the Your Child at Play series.

Stop when your child's had enough. Children have different thresholds for stimulation. When yours seems bored, fussy, or tired, it's time for a break.

Give your child a chance to play alone and with others. Both types of play are beneficial.

Let your child choose activities and control the direction of her play. You can suggest new things or present new options, but your child should be the boss. After all, play is about fun, and if there's one thing your child is an expert at already, it's having a good time.

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Don't worry if your child eats more or less than the amounts listed — they're only meant as rough guidelines.

Age: 12 to 18 months
Signs of readiness for self-feeding • Can start to use a spoon himself (though proficiency will take a while!)
What to feed • Whole milk • Other dairy (soft pasteurized cheese, full-fat yogurt and cottage cheese) • Same food as family, mashed or chopped into bite-size pieces • Iron-fortified cereals (rice, barley, wheat, oats, mixed cereals) • Other grains (whole wheat bread, pasta, rice) • New fruits: melon, papaya, apricot, grapefruit (citrus is now okay) • New vegetables: broccoli and cauliflower "trees" • Protein (eggs; cut-up or ground meat, poultry, boneless fish; tofu; beans; thinly spread smooth peanut butter) • Citrus and non-citrus juice • Honey is now okay	How much per day • 2 to 3 servings dairy (1 serving = ½ cup milk, ½ to 1 oz. cheese, 1/3 to ½ cup yogurt or cottage cheese) • 4 to 6 servings cereals and other grains (1 serving = ¼ to 1/3 cup cereal, ¼ cup pasta or rice, ¼ to ½ slice bread or bagel) • ¼ to ½ cup fruit • ¼ to ½ cup vegetables • 2 servings protein (1 serving = 2 tablespoons ground or two 1-inch cubes meat, poultry, or fish; 1 egg; ¼ cup tofu or cooked beans; 1 tablespoon smooth peanut butter) • 3 to 4 oz. juice
Feeding tips • Introduce new foods one at a time, with at least three days in between to make sure your child's not allergic. • Choking hazards are still a danger. Learn more about foods to watch out for.

Sumber

Apabila Baby Jatuh, esp dari Katil

Berat badan bayi yang ringan selalunya mengurangkan impak kejatuhannya. Cuma perhatikan perkara-perkara berikut:
1. Periksa tanda-tanda lebam (tisu di bawah lapisan kulit cedera)
2. Cuba gerakkan tangan dan kakinya dengan lembut dan perlahan. Jika dia menangis atau menunjukkan tanda-tanda tidak normal, mungkin ada bahagian yang cedera.
3. Lihat aktiviti anak. Jika berubah dari kebiasaan, mungkin ada masalah.

Perlu diingat, saraf bayi pada umur bawah 2 tahun masih belum cukup matang. Mereka mungkin tidak memberi respon yang setara dengan kecederaan mereka (seperti menangis dengan kuat), kerana saraf mereka tidak mengesan kesakitan tersebut. Jadi, perlu lihat juga tanda-tanda lain, seperti keaktifannya

selepas anak jatuh dia ada symptom seperti muntah,sawan,.. tak? klu ada better refer doc coz tu tanda2 ada pendarahan dlm otak. klu takde perhatikan dia dlm masa 24 jam.. ada apa2 perubahan tak.. cthnye.. tidur je tak nak bangun2.., kurang aktif dari biasa.. itu pun tanda2 ada pendarahan dlm otak

kalau jatuh melebihi ketinggian anak agak membahayakan.. bawa la gi klinik

kalau jatuh, anak menangis, itu normal.. kerana dia terkejut dan kesakitan... tapi kalau dia diam dan blur, itu kita kena bimbang... bawa segera ke doktor... jangan lupa check kesan2 lebam atau luka

dan lagi satu hentakan yg kuat selalu effect kat belakang kepala sebab otak dekat dengan belakang kepala bukan depan..kalau setakat terantuk kat depan tu biasalah...nak hilangkan lebam..gosok ngan rambut ye

perhatikan bahagian kepala yang sensitif adalah di sebelah kiri dan kanan kepala kita. depan dan belakang tak pe lagi. info ni diberitahu sendiri oleh neurosurgeon. so tengok² la jika ada benjol, benjol tu jadi di mana